| মাধ্যম | অসমীয়া (Assamese) |
|---|---|
| বিষয় | English |
| পাঠৰ নাম | A Truly Beautiful Mind |
| শ্ৰেণী | IX |
| পাঠ্যক্ৰম | ছেবা (SEBA) |
A Truly Beautiful Mind
I. Answer these questions.
1. Here are some headings for paragraphs in the text. Write the numbers of the paragraphs against each heading.
(তলৰ শিৰোনামবোৰৰ বিপৰীতে দফা নং লিখা।)
(i) Einstein’s equation = 9
(আইনষ্টাইনৰ সমীকৰণ = ৯)
(ii) Einstein meets his future wife = 7
(আইনষ্টাইনে হ’বলগীয়া পত্নীক লগ পাইছিল = ৭)
(iii) The making of a violinist = 3
(ভায়’লিন বাদকৰ প্ৰস্তুতি = ৩)
(iv) Mileva and Einstein’s mother = 10
(মিলেভা আৰু আইনষ্টাইনৰ মাক = ১০)
(v) A letter that launched the arms race = 15
(এখন চিঠিয়ে অস্ত্ৰ-শস্ত্ৰৰ প্ৰতিযোগিতা আৰম্ভ কৰিছিল = ১৫)
(vi) A desk drawer full of ideas = 8
(বুদ্ধিৰে পূৰ্ণ বাকচ = ৮)
(vii) Marriage and divorce = 11
(বিবাহ আৰু বিচ্ছেদ = ১১)
2. Who had these opinions about Einstein?
(কোনে নিম্নলিখিত মতামতবোৰ আগবঢ়াইছিল?)
(i) He was boring (তেওঁ আমনিদায়ক)
⇒ His playmates (তাৰ সমনীয়াবোৰ)
(ii) He was stupid and would never succeed in life (সি এক মূৰ্খ আৰু জীৱনত কেতিয়াও সফল হ’ব নোৱাৰে)
⇒ A headmaster (প্ৰধান শিক্ষক)
(iii) He was a freak (তেওঁ এজন অদ্ভুত)
⇒ His mother (তেওঁৰ মাক)
3. Explain what the reasons for the following are:
(তলৰ বাক্যসমূহৰ কাৰণবোৰ বৰ্ণনা কৰা।)
(i) Einstein leaving the school in Munich for good
(আইনষ্টাইনে মিউনিকৰ স্কুল ভালৰ বাবে ত্যাগ কৰিছিল।)
Einstein left the school in Munich because he disliked its strict discipline and regimentation, often clashing with teachers over their rigid methods.
(আইনষ্টাইনে মিউনিকৰ স্কুল এৰিছিল কাৰণ তেওঁ ইয়াৰ কঠোৰ শাসন আৰু নিয়মানুবৰ্তিতা ভাল নাপাইছিল আৰু শিক্ষকৰ সৈতে সংঘৰ্ষত লিপ্ত হৈছিল।)
(ii) Einstein wanting to study in Switzerland rather than in Munich
(আইনষ্টাইনে মিউনিকতকৈ ছুইজাৰলেণ্ডত পঢ়িবলৈ ইচ্ছা কৰিছিল।)
When his parents moved to Milan, Einstein, after discussions, chose to study in German-speaking Switzerland, which offered a more liberal environment than Munich’s strict system.
(তেওঁৰ পিতৃ-মাতৃ মিলানলৈ গুচি গৈছিল, আৰু আলোচনাৰ পিছত তেওঁ জাৰ্মানভাষী ছুইজাৰলেণ্ডত পঢ়িবলৈ বাছিল, য’ত মিউনিকতকৈ অধিক স্বাধীনতা আছিল।)
(iii) Einstein seeing in Mileva an ally
(আইনষ্টাইনে মিলেভাৰ তাত মিত্ৰতাৰ ভাব দেখা পাইছিল।)
Einstein saw Mileva as an ally against the “Philistines”—people in his family and university he opposed—because she was intelligent and shared his unconventional views.
(আইনষ্টাইনে মিলেভাক “ফিলিষ্টাইন”—পৰিয়াল আৰু বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ৰ বিৰোধীসকলৰ বিৰুদ্ধে মিত্ৰ বুলি ভাবিছিল, কাৰণ তাই বুদ্ধিমতী আৰু তেওঁৰ অপাৰম্পৰিক দৃষ্টিভংগীৰ সংগী আছিল।)
4. What do these tell you about Einstein?
(এই সকলোবোৰে আইনষ্টাইনৰ বিষয়ে কি বুজালে?)
These show that Einstein was a genius with the ability to pursue his goals, holding a unique, independent view of life and valuing freedom highly.
(এইবোৰে দেখুৱায় যে আইনষ্টাইন এজন প্ৰতিভাৱান আছিল, যাৰ লক্ষ্য সাধনৰ ক্ষমতা আছিল, জীৱনৰ স্বতন্ত্ৰ দৃষ্টিভংগী আৰু স্বাধীনতাৰ প্ৰতি গুৰুত্ব আছিল।)
5. What did Einstein call his desk drawer at the patent office? Why?
(আইনষ্টাইনে নিজৰ টেবুলৰ বাকচটোক কি বুলি কৈছিল? কিয়?)
Einstein called his desk drawer at the patent office the “bureau of theoretical physics” because it secretly held his groundbreaking ideas and evidence of his scientific work.
(আইনষ্টাইনে টেবুলৰ বাকচক “তাত্ত্বিক পদাৰ্থবিজ্ঞানৰ ভঁৰাল” বুলি কৈছিল কাৰণ ইয়াত তেওঁৰ গোপন উদ্ভাৱনী ধাৰণা আৰু বিজ্ঞানৰ প্ৰমাণ সাঁচি থৈছিল।)
6. Why did Einstein write a letter to Franklin Roosevelt?
(আইনষ্টাইনে ৰুজভেল্টলৈ কিয় চিঠি লিখিছিল?)
Einstein wrote to Franklin Roosevelt to warn about Nazi Germany’s potential to build an atomic bomb, fearing its devastating power, after emigrating to the US during Hitler’s rise.
(আইনষ্টাইনে ৰুজভেল্টক চিঠি লিখিছিল নাজী জাৰ্মানীৰ পাৰমাণৱিক বোমা তৈয়াৰৰ সম্ভাৱনাৰ বিষয়ে সতৰ্ক কৰিবলৈ, হিটলাৰৰ উত্থানৰ সময়ত আমেৰিকালৈ প্ৰব্ৰজন কৰি।)
7. How did Einstein react to the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
(আইনষ্টাইনে হিৰোশিমা আৰু নাগাছাকিৰ বোমাবৰ্ষণত কেনে প্ৰতিক্ৰিয়া দেখুৱাইছিল?)
Einstein was deeply shaken by the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by atomic bombs and wrote a public letter to the United Nations, urging peace.
(আইনষ্টাইন হিৰোশিমা আৰু নাগাছাকিৰ পাৰমাণৱিক ধ্বংস দেখি মৰ্মাহত হৈছিল আৰু যুক্তৰাষ্ট্ৰলৈ শান্তিৰ আহ্বান জনাই এখন ৰাজহুৱা চিঠি লিখিছিল।)
8. Why does the world remember Einstein as a “world citizen”?
(পৃথিৱীবাসীয়ে আইনষ্টাইনক কিয় “বিশ্বৰ বাসিন্দা” বুলি মনত ৰাখে?)
The world remembers Einstein as a “world citizen” because he advocated universal peace, worried about the consequences of atomic power, and showed deep concern for humanity’s future.
(পৃথিৱীয়ে আইনষ্টাইনক “বিশ্বৰ বাসিন্দা” বুলি মনত ৰাখে কাৰণ তেওঁ বিশ্ব শান্তিৰ পোষকতা কৰিছিল, পাৰমাণৱিক শক্তিৰ পৰিণামৰ চিন্তা কৰিছিল আৰু মানৱতাৰ ভৱিষ্যতৰ বাবে গভীৰ চিন্তিত আছিল।)
9. Here are some facts from Einstein’s life. Arrange them in chronological order.
(আইনষ্টাইনৰ জীৱনৰ কিছু তথ্য পৰ্যায়ক্ৰমে সজোৱা।)
- Einstein is born in the German city of Ulm.
(আইনষ্টাইন জাৰ্মানৰ উল্ম চহৰত জন্ম লাভ কৰিছিল।) - Einstein attends a high school in Munich.
(আইনষ্টাইনে মিউনিকত হাইস্কুলীয়া শিক্ষা লৈছিল।) - Einstein’s family moves to Milan.
(আইনষ্টাইনৰ পৰিয়াল মিলানলৈ স্থানান্তৰিত হৈছিল।) - Tired of the school’s regimentation, Einstein withdraws from school.
(স্কুলৰ কঠোৰ শাসনৰ পৰা অতিষ্ঠ হৈ আইনষ্টাইনে স্কুল ত্যাগ কৰিছিল।) - Einstein joins a university in Zurich, where he meets Mileva.
(আইনষ্টাইনে জুৰিকৰ বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ত যোগ দি মিলেভাক লগ পাইছিল।) - He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
(তেওঁ পেটেন্ট অফিচত টেকনিকেল বিশেষজ্ঞ হিচাপে কাম কৰিছিল।) - Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
(আইনষ্টাইনে সাপেক্ষিকতাবাদৰ বিশেষ সূত্ৰ প্ৰকাশ কৰিছিল।) - He provides a new interpretation of gravitation.
(তেওঁ গুৰুত্বাকৰ্ষণৰ নতুন ব্যাখ্যা দিছিল।) - He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
(তেওঁ পদাৰ্থবিজ্ঞানত নোবেল বঁটা লাভ কৰিছিল।) - When Hitler comes to power, Einstein leaves Germany for the United States.
(হিটলাৰ শাসনলৈ অহাৰ পিছত, আইনষ্টাইনে জাৰ্মানী এৰি আমেৰিকালৈ গৈছিল।) - Einstein writes a letter to U.S. President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and warns against Germany’s building of an atomic bomb.
(আইনষ্টাইনে ৰাষ্ট্ৰপতি ফ্ৰেংকলিন ডি. ৰুজভেল্টলৈ জাৰ্মানীৰ পাৰমাণৱিক বোমাৰ বিষয়ে সতৰ্ক কৰি চিঠি লিখিছিল।) - Einstein dies.
(আইনষ্টাইনৰ মৃত্যু হ’ল।)
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. In which paragraph does the text discuss Einstein’s famous equation?
A) Paragraph 7
B) Paragraph 9
C) Paragraph 11
D) Paragraph 15
Answer: B) Paragraph 9
Explanation: Paragraph 9 is linked to Einstein’s equation in the headings.
2. When did Einstein meet his future wife, Mileva, according to the headings?
A) Paragraph 3
B) Paragraph 7
C) Paragraph 8
D) Paragraph 10
Answer: B) Paragraph 7
Explanation: Paragraph 7 is titled “Einstein meets his future wife.”
3. Who thought Einstein was boring?
A) His mother
B) His playmates
C) His headmaster
D) Mileva
Answer: B) His playmates
Explanation: His playmates found him uninteresting as a child.
4. Who called Einstein stupid and predicted he’d never succeed?
A) His mother
B) A headmaster
C) His playmates
D) His university professor
Answer: B) A headmaster
Explanation: The headmaster dismissed Einstein’s potential.
5. Who considered Einstein a freak?
A) His playmates
B) His mother
C) Mileva
D) His teachers
Answer: B) His mother
Explanation: His mother thought his behavior was unusual.
6. Why did Einstein leave the school in Munich?
A) He graduated early
B) He disliked its strict discipline
C) His family moved away
D) He failed his exams
Answer: B) He disliked its strict discipline
Explanation: He clashed with the school’s rigid system.
7. Why did Einstein prefer studying in Switzerland over Munich?
A) Better teachers
B) A more liberal environment
C) Closer to his family
D) Cheaper education
Answer: B) A more liberal environment
Explanation: Switzerland offered freedom compared to Munich’s strictness.
8. Why did Einstein see Mileva as an ally?
A) She was a scientist
B) She shared his unconventional views
C) She was wealthy
D) She taught him physics
Answer: B) She shared his unconventional views
Explanation: They opposed the same “Philistines” together.
9. What does Einstein’s choice to leave Munich tell us about him?
A) He disliked learning
B) He valued freedom and independence
C) He was lazy
D) He feared authority
Answer: B) He valued freedom and independence
Explanation: His actions reflect a desire for autonomy.
10. What did Einstein call his desk drawer at the patent office?
A) A secret vault
B) Bureau of theoretical physics
C) A messy box
D) His idea bank
Answer: B) Bureau of theoretical physics
Explanation: It held his groundbreaking scientific ideas.
11. Why did Einstein call his desk drawer the “bureau of theoretical physics”?
A) It was full of patents
B) It contained his scientific ideas
C) It was organized
D) It was a gift
Answer: B) It contained his scientific ideas
Explanation: The drawer secretly stored his theoretical work.
12. Why did Einstein write a letter to Franklin Roosevelt?
A) To ask for a job
B) To warn about an atomic bomb
C) To discuss relativity
D) To request funding
Answer: B) To warn about an atomic bomb
Explanation: He feared Germany’s potential to build one.
13. How did Einstein react to the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings?
A) He celebrated
B) He was deeply shaken
C) He ignored it
D) He moved back to Germany
Answer: B) He was deeply shaken
Explanation: The destruction horrified him, prompting a peace letter.
14. Why is Einstein remembered as a “world citizen”?
A) He traveled a lot
B) He cared about universal peace
C) He invented many things
D) He lived in many countries
Answer: B) He cared about universal peace
Explanation: His advocacy for humanity earned this title.
15. Where was Einstein born?
A) Munich
B) Ulm
C) Zurich
D) Milan
Answer: B) Ulm
Explanation: He was born in the German city of Ulm.
16. Where did Einstein work as a technical expert?
A) A university
B) A patent office
C) A laboratory
D) A school
Answer: B) A patent office
Explanation: He worked there while developing his theories.
17. What major theory did Einstein publish while at the patent office?
A) General relativity
B) Special theory of relativity
C) Quantum mechanics
D) Gravitational waves
Answer: B) Special theory of relativity
Explanation: This was a key early achievement.
18. When did Einstein leave Germany for the United States?
A) After winning the Nobel Prize
B) When Hitler came to power
C) After his divorce
D) During World War I
Answer: B) When Hitler came to power
Explanation: He fled due to Nazi persecution.
19. What award did Einstein receive for his work in physics?
A) Pulitzer Prize
B) Nobel Prize in Physics
C) Peace Prize
D) Fields Medal
Answer: B) Nobel Prize in Physics
Explanation: He was honored for his scientific contributions.
20. What did Einstein’s letter to Roosevelt indirectly lead to?
A) The end of World War II
B) The arms race
C) A peace treaty
D) His Nobel Prize
Answer: B) The arms race
Explanation: It spurred the development of atomic weapons.
