Master Guide: Essay Writing SEBA Class 10 English

Essay writing is a crucial skill for the English exam, carrying significant marks. A well-structured essay can greatly boost your overall score.

Here is a “Master Guide” to Essay Writing, specifically designed for SEBA Class 10 students, with a clear structure, tips, and examples in both English and Assamese.

Essay Writing SEBA Class 10 English

Understanding the Core Concept (মূল ধাৰণাটো বুজা)

In English: An essay is a short piece of writing on a particular subject. For your exam, you need to write a structured, coherent, and well-organized piece of about 150 words. The goal is to present your ideas on a topic in a clear and logical manner. It tests your ability to think, organize your thoughts, and express them in good English.

In Assamese: ৰচনা (Essay) হ’ল কোনো এটা নিৰ্দিষ্ট বিষয়ৰ ওপৰত লিখা এটা চুটি লিখনী। তোমাৰ পৰীক্ষাৰ বাবে, প্ৰায় ১৫০টা শব্দৰ ভিতৰত এটা সুগঠিত, সংলগ্ন আৰু সুসংগঠিত ৰচনা লিখিব লাগিব। ইয়াৰ উদ্দেশ্য হ’ল কোনো এটা বিষয়ৰ ওপৰত তোমাৰ ধাৰণাবোৰক স্পষ্ট আৰু যুক্তিসংগতভাৱে প্ৰকাশ কৰা। ই তোমাৰ চিন্তা কৰাৰ, ভাৱনাবোৰ সজোৱাৰ, আৰু সেইবোৰক ভাল ইংৰাজীত প্ৰকাশ কৰাৰ দক্ষতাক পৰীক্ষা কৰে।

The 3-Paragraph Golden Structure (তিনি-অনুচ্ছেদৰ সোণালী গঠন)

For a 150-word essay, the best structure is the classic 3-paragraph model. This makes your essay look organized and easy to read.
(১৫০ শব্দৰ ৰচনাৰ বাবে, ৩-অনুচ্ছেদৰ আৰ্হিটোৱেই সৰ্বোত্তম। ই তোমাৰ ৰচনাখনক শৃংখলাবদ্ধ আৰু পঢ়িবলৈ সহজ কৰি তোলে।)

Paragraph 1: Introduction (প্ৰথম অনুচ্ছেদ: পাতনি)

• Purpose (উদ্দেশ্য): To introduce the topic to the reader. (পাঠকক বিষয়টোৰ সৈতে পৰিচয় কৰাই দিয়া।)
• What to Write (কি লিখিব):
  1. Start with a general statement about the topic. (বিষয়টোৰ ওপৰত এটা সাধাৰণ বাক্যৰে আৰম্ভ কৰা।)
  2. Define the topic or explain its importance in one or two sentences. (বিষয়টোৰ সংজ্ঞা দিয়া বা ইয়াৰ গুৰুত্ব এক বা দুটা বাক্যত বৰ্ণনা কৰা।)
  3. End with a sentence that hints at what you will discuss in the next paragraph. (পৰৱৰ্তী অনুচ্ছেদত কি আলোচনা কৰিবা তাৰ এটা ইংগিত দি বাক্যটো শেষ কৰা।)
• Length (দৈৰ্ঘ্য): About 30-40 words. (প্ৰায় ৩০-৪০টা শব্দ।)

Paragraph 2: Body (দ্বিতীয় অনুচ্ছেদ: মূল অংশ)

• Purpose (উদ্দেশ্য): This is the main part of your essay. Here, you will explain your ideas in detail. (এইটোৱেই ৰচনাৰ মূল অংশ। ইয়াত, তুমি তোমাৰ ধাৰণাবোৰ বিস্তাৰিতভাৱে বৰ্ণনা কৰিবা।)
• What to Write (কি লিখিব):
  1. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages, causes and effects, or different aspects of the topic. (বিষয়টোৰ সুবিধা আৰু অসুবিধা, কাৰণ আৰু ফলাফল, বা বিভিন্ন দিশ আলোচনা কৰা।)
  2. Provide 2-3 main points. Explain each point with a simple example or a supporting sentence. (২-৩টা মূল বিন্দু দিয়া। প্ৰতিটো বিন্দু এটা সৰল উদাহৰণ বা সহায়ক বাক্যৰে বৰ্ণনা কৰা।)
  3. Use simple connecting words like Firstly, Secondly, Moreover, However to link your ideas. (ধাৰণাবোৰ সংযোগ কৰিবলৈ Firstly, Secondly, Moreover, However আদি সৰল সংযোগকাৰী শব্দ ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা।)
• Length (দৈৰ্ঘ্য): About 70-80 words. (প্ৰায় ৭০-৮০টা শব্দ।)

Paragraph 3: Conclusion (তৃতীয় অনুচ্ছেদ: সামৰণি)

• Purpose (উদ্দেশ্য): To summarize your points and give a final thought. (তোমাৰ বিন্দুবোৰৰ সাৰাংশ দিয়া আৰু এটা শেষ মন্তব্য আগবঢ়োৱা।)
• What to Write (কি লিখিব):
  1. Start with a concluding phrase like In conclusion,, To sum up,, or Thus,. (In conclusion,, To sum up, বা Thus, আদি সামৰণি সূচোৱা শব্দৰে আৰম্ভ কৰা।)
  2. Briefly summarize the main points you discussed in the body. (মূল অংশত আলোচনা কৰা মূল বিন্দুবোৰৰ চমুকৈ সাৰাংশ দিয়া।)
  3. End with a final opinion, a suggestion, or a hopeful statement about the topic. (বিষয়টোৰ ওপৰত এটা শেষ মতামত, এটা পৰামৰ্শ, বা এটা আশাবাদী বাক্যৰে শেষ কৰা।)
• Length (দৈৰ্ঘ্য): About 30-40 words. (প্ৰায় ৩০-৪০টা শব্দ।)

Solved Example: “Science in Everyday Life” (HSLC 2021)

(সমাধান কৰা উদাহৰণ: “দৈনন্দিন জীৱনত বিজ্ঞান”)

Paragraph 1: Introduction (পাতনি)

Science plays an indispensable role in our everyday life. From the moment we wake up until we go to sleep, we are surrounded by the wonders of science. It has made our lives easier, faster, and more comfortable, transforming the world into a modern and convenient place to live.

(অসমীয়া ভাবানুবাদ): আমাৰ দৈনন্দিন জীৱনত বিজ্ঞানে এক অপৰিহাৰ্য ভূমিকা পালন কৰে। আমি সাৰ পোৱাৰ পৰা শুবলৈ যোৱালৈকে, আমি বিজ্ঞানৰ আশ্চৰ্য্যৰে পৰিবেষ্টিত হৈ থাকোঁ। ই আমাৰ জীৱনক সহজ, দ্ৰুত, আৰু অধিক আৰামদায়ক কৰি তুলিছে, আৰু পৃথিৱীখনক বাস কৰাৰ বাবে এখন আধুনিক আৰু সুবিধাজনক ঠাইলৈ ৰূপান্তৰিত কৰিছে।

Paragraph 2: Body (মূল অংশ)

In modern times, our dependence on science is total. Firstly, electricity, a gift of science, powers our homes, running everything from lights and fans to televisions and computers. Secondly, in the field of communication, smartphones and the internet have connected the entire world, making it a global village. Moreover, science has revolutionized medicine, leading to the cure of many diseases and increasing our life expectancy. Transportation has also become incredibly fast with cars, trains, and aeroplanes, all of which are scientific inventions.

(অসমীয়া ভাবানুবাদ): আধুনিক যুগত, বিজ্ঞানৰ ওপৰত আমাৰ নিৰ্ভৰশীলতা সম্পূৰ্ণ। প্ৰথমতে, বিজ্ঞানৰ এক উপহাৰ, বিদ্যুতে আমাৰ ঘৰবোৰক শক্তি যোগান ধৰে, লাইট আৰু ফেনৰ পৰা আৰম্ভ কৰি টেলিভিছন আৰু কম্পিউটাৰলৈকে সকলো চলায়। দ্বিতীয়তে, যোগাযোগৰ ক্ষেত্ৰত, স্মাৰ্টফোন আৰু ইণ্টাৰনেটে সমগ্ৰ বিশ্বক সংযোগ কৰি এখন গোলকীয় গাঁৱত পৰিণত কৰিছে। তদুপৰি, বিজ্ঞানে চিকিৎসা শাস্ত্ৰত এক বিপ্লৱ আনিছে, যাৰ ফলত বহুতো ৰোগৰ নিৰাময় সম্ভৱ হৈছে আৰু আমাৰ আয়ুস বৃদ্ধি পাইছে। গাড়ী, ৰেল, আৰু উৰাজাহাজৰ দৰে বৈজ্ঞানিক আৱিষ্কাৰৰ বাবে পৰিবহনো অবিশ্বাস্যভাৱে দ্ৰুত হৈ পৰিছে।

Paragraph 3: Conclusion (সামৰণি)

In conclusion, science is the backbone of modern human life. While it has some negative aspects like pollution and weapons, its positive contributions are far greater. We must use science wisely for the progress and welfare of mankind, ensuring a better future for all.

(অসমীয়া ভাবানুবাদ): সামৰণিত ক’ব পাৰি যে, বিজ্ঞান আধুনিক মানৱ জীৱনৰ মেৰুদণ্ড। যদিও ইয়াৰ প্ৰদূষণ আৰু অস্ত্ৰ-শস্ত্ৰৰ দৰে কিছুমান নেতিবাচক দিশ আছে, ইয়াৰ ইতিবাচক অৱদান বহু বেছি। আমি সকলোৰে বাবে এক উন্নত ভৱিষ্যত নিশ্চিত কৰিবলৈ মানৱ জাতিৰ উন্নতি আৰু কল্যাণৰ বাবে বিজ্ঞানক বুদ্ধিমত্তাৰে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰিব লাগিব।

Most Important Essay Topics for SEBA Class 10 (পৰীক্ষাৰ বাবে গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ ৰচনা)

Based on past papers, these are the most common types of essays asked:

1. Science & Technology:
   • Science in Everyday Life (HSLC 2021, 2017)
   • A Television / Television as a source of knowledge (HSLC 2016)
   • The Computer
   • Your Aim in Life (e.g., to become a scientist)
2. Personal Experiences & Hobbies:
   • Your Favourite Festival / The Festival You Like Most (HSLC 2019)
   • Your Favourite Hero in History (HSLC 2019)
   • Your Favourite Game / The Importance of Sports (HSLC 2025 Mock)
   • Your School Library (HSLC 2017)
   • Your Last Day at School (HSLC 2018)
3. Social & General Topics:
   • Punctuality (HSLC 2019)
   • Obedience to Parents (HSLC 2021)
   • A Journey by Bus / Train
   • A Rainy Day (HSLC 2023)
   • Discipline in Student Life

By practicing essays on these topics using the 3-paragraph structure, you will be very well-prepared for the exam.

1. Science in Everyday Life

(দৈনন্দিন জীৱনত বিজ্ঞান)

Introduction (পাতনি)
Science is the backbone of our modern world, and its presence is felt in every moment of our daily lives. From the alarm clock that wakes us up to the light we switch off at night, we are constantly using scientific inventions. Science has made human life more comfortable, convenient, and progressive than ever before.

Body (মূল অংশ)
Our dependence on science is immense. In our homes, electricity, a gift of science, powers our fans, televisions, and mobile phones. In the field of health, medical science has given us vaccines and medicines to fight deadly diseases, increasing our lifespan. Communication has been revolutionized by the internet and smartphones, connecting us with the world instantly. Furthermore, transportation has become fast and easy with cars, trains, and aeroplanes, allowing us to travel vast distances in a short time.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, life without science is unimaginable today. While we must be cautious about its negative effects like pollution, the overall contribution of science to humanity is overwhelmingly positive. It is our duty to use science wisely for the peace and prosperity of mankind.

2. Television as a Source of Knowledge

(জ্ঞানৰ উৎস হিচাপে টেলিভিছন)

Introduction (পাতনি)
Television, often called the “idiot box,” is one of the most powerful inventions of modern science. While many see it only as a source of entertainment, it is also a vast and accessible source of knowledge. When used correctly, television can be a great teacher for people of all ages.

Body (মূল অংশ)
Television offers a wide range of educational content. Firstly, news channels like BBC and NDTV keep us updated with current affairs from all over the world. Secondly, channels like National Geographic, Discovery Channel, and Animal Planet provide incredible knowledge about nature, wildlife, science, and history through engaging documentaries. Moreover, there are many programs dedicated to teaching skills like cooking, painting, and even learning new languages. These visual programs make learning easy and interesting.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, television is much more than just an entertainment device; it is a window to the world of information and knowledge. It is up to us to choose the right channels and programs to enrich our minds. If used judiciously, television can be a powerful tool for lifelong learning.

3. The Computer

(কম্পিউটাৰ)

Introduction (পাতনি)
The computer is one of the greatest inventions of modern science and has become an essential part of our lives. It is an electronic machine that can store, process, and retrieve vast amounts of data at an incredible speed. Today, from schools to offices and homes, computers are used everywhere.

Body (মূল অংশ)
The uses of the computer are countless. In the field of education, it helps students learn through online classes and access a world of information via the internet. For entertainment, we can watch movies, listen to music, and play games on it. In offices, computers are used for storing records, sending emails, and managing complex tasks, which increases efficiency. Furthermore, computers are vital in scientific research, banking, and designing, making difficult tasks simple and accurate.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, the computer has truly revolutionized the way we live and work. It has made our world faster and more connected. As technology continues to advance, the importance of the computer in our daily lives will only grow, making computer literacy a necessary skill for everyone.

4. Your Aim in Life: To Become a Scientist

(তোমাৰ জীৱনৰ লক্ষ্য: এজন বিজ্ঞানী হোৱা)

Introduction (পাতনি)
Every person should have a definite aim in life, as an aim gives us a sense of direction and a purpose to work for. My aim in life is to become a scientist. I have always been fascinated by the mysteries of the universe and the power of science to solve problems and make human life better.

Body (মূল অংশ)
I wish to become a scientist because I want to contribute to the progress of my country and humanity. I am deeply inspired by great scientists like Sir Isaac Newton and Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. I want to conduct research in the field of renewable energy to find a solution to the global energy crisis. By developing clean and sustainable energy sources, I hope to help in the fight against climate change and create a healthier planet for future generations.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, becoming a scientist is not just a career choice for me; it is a dream to serve society. I know the path is difficult and requires hard work and dedication, but I am determined to study science with all my heart and achieve my goal.

1. The Festival You Like Most: Bihu

(তোমাৰ আটাইতকৈ ভালপোৱা উৎসৱ: বিহু)

Introduction (পাতনি)
India is a land of festivals, but being from Assam, my favourite festival is Bihu. Bihu is not just a festival; it is the soul of Assamese culture and a celebration of nature. It is celebrated three times a year—Rongali Bihu, Kongali Bihu, and Bhogali Bihu—each with its own unique significance.

Body (মূল অংশ)
Among the three, I like Rongali Bihu the most. It marks the beginning of the Assamese New Year and the arrival of spring. The air is filled with the sweet scent of orchids and the joyful sounds of the dhol, pepa, and gogona. People wear new clothes, visit their relatives to seek blessings, and exchange gamosas as a sign of love and respect. The best part is watching the vibrant Bihu dance performances in the open fields, which fills everyone’s heart with joy.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, Bihu is a festival of joy, unity, and cultural pride. It connects us with our roots and brings our community together. The spirit of togetherness and the celebration of nature make Bihu the most special and cherished festival for me.

2. Your Favourite Hero in History: Mahatma Gandhi

(ইতিহাসত তোমাৰ প্ৰিয় বীৰ: মহাত্মা গান্ধী)

Introduction (পাতনি)
History is full of great heroes who have changed the world, but my favourite hero in history is Mahatma Gandhi. Revered as the “Father of the Nation” in India, he was a great leader who led our country to freedom from British rule. His life and teachings continue to inspire millions across the globe.

Body (মূল অংশ)
What makes Mahatma Gandhi my hero is his unique philosophy of non-violence, or ‘Ahimsa’. He proved to the world that great battles could be won not with swords and guns, but with truth, peace, and civil disobedience. His famous Dandi March against the salt tax was a powerful example of his methods. He lived a simple life, promoted equality, and fought against social evils like untouchability, showing that true strength lies in character, not in power.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, Mahatma Gandhi was not just a political leader but a great spiritual guide. His principles of truth and non-violence are more relevant today than ever before. He is my hero because he taught us that one man with courage and conviction can change the world peacefully.

3. The Importance of Sports

(খেল-ধেমালিৰ গুৰুত্ব)

Introduction (পাতনি)
Sports are an essential part of a healthy and balanced life. They are not just about playing games but are a vital activity for the physical, mental, and social development of a person. The old saying, “A sound mind in a sound body,” perfectly highlights the importance of sports.

Body (মূল অংশ)
The benefits of sports are numerous. Firstly, they keep us physically fit and active, protecting us from various diseases. Secondly, sports teach us valuable life lessons such as discipline, teamwork, and sportsmanship. When we play, we learn how to handle both victory and defeat gracefully. Moreover, playing games is a great way to relieve stress and refresh our minds after a long day of studies. It improves our concentration and helps us perform better in academics.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, sports are not a mere wastage of time but a crucial component of education and life. Every student should participate in some form of sports. They build character, promote good health, and prepare us to face the challenges of life with a positive spirit.

4. Your School Library

(তোমাৰ বিদ্যালয়ৰ পুথিভঁৰাল)

Introduction (পাতনি)
A school library is a treasure house of knowledge and plays a vital role in the life of a student. Our school has a large and well-maintained library located on the first floor of the main building. It is a quiet and peaceful place where students can read and learn beyond their textbooks.

Body (মূল অংশ)
Our school library is rich in resources. It has thousands of books on various subjects, including storybooks, encyclopedias, biographies, and reference books. The books are neatly arranged in shelves, and we have a helpful librarian who guides us in finding the books we need. There is a large reading room with tables and chairs where students can sit and read silently. We can also borrow books for a week. The library helps us develop a good reading habit and expand our knowledge.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, our school library is a great blessing for all of us. It is a place that opens up a new world of ideas and imagination. It not only helps us in our studies but also builds our character and makes us lifelong learners.

5. Your Last Day at School

(বিদ্যালয়ত তোমাৰ শেষ দিনটো)

Introduction (পাতনি)
The last day at school is one of the most memorable days in a student’s life. It is a day filled with mixed emotions of happiness and sadness. I remember my last day at school very clearly. It was the day of our farewell ceremony, marking the end of our wonderful ten-year journey in the school.

Body (মূল অংশ)
On that day, we all came to school in our uniforms for the last time. Our juniors had organized a beautiful farewell program for us. There were speeches, songs, and dances. Our teachers gave us their blessings and valuable advice for our future. We recalled our old memories, the fun we had, and the mistakes we made. When we received our farewell gifts, many of us had tears in our eyes, realizing that our beautiful school life was finally coming to an end.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, my last day at school was an emotional and unforgettable day. It was sad to leave the place that had shaped us, but we were also excited to step into a new phase of life. The memories and lessons from my school will always remain a guiding light for me.

1. Punctuality

(সময়ানুৱৰ্তিতা)

Introduction (পাতনি)
Punctuality means the habit of doing things at the right time. It is a great virtue that is the key to success in all walks of life. A person who is punctual is respected by everyone. Punctuality is not just about being on time, but also about having respect for our own commitments and for other people’s time.

Body (মূল অংশ)
The importance of punctuality cannot be overstated. In student life, a punctual student attends classes on time, submits assignments before the deadline, and is more disciplined. This helps them to perform better in their studies. In the professional world, a punctual person is seen as reliable and efficient. Nature itself is a great teacher of punctuality; the sun rises and sets at a fixed time, and the seasons change in a regular cycle. Punctuality helps in building a disciplined and organized life.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, punctuality is a quality that everyone must cultivate. It is the foundation of a successful life and a disciplined society. As the saying goes, “A stitch in time saves nine,” which reminds us that doing things on time saves us from future troubles and regrets.

2. Obedience to Parents

(পিতৃ-মাতৃৰ প্ৰতি বাধ্যতা)

Introduction (পাতনি)
Our parents are our first teachers and our best well-wishers. They bring us into this world, nurture us, and guide us through life’s challenges. Therefore, obedience to parents is one of the most important moral duties of every child. It is a sign of our love, respect, and gratitude towards them.

Body (মূল অংশ)
Being obedient to our parents brings many blessings. Our parents have more life experience than us, and their advice is always for our own good. When we listen to them, we can avoid making many mistakes in life. Obedience fosters a happy and peaceful family environment, strengthening the bond between parents and children. It also helps us to become disciplined, responsible, and good human beings, which are essential qualities for success in life.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, obeying our parents is a fundamental virtue that shapes our character and future. It is the simplest way to show our love and respect for the selfless sacrifices they make for us. A child who is obedient to their parents is always blessed and successful in life.

3. A Journey by Bus

(বাছ যাত্ৰাৰ অভিজ্ঞতা)

Introduction (পাতনি)
A journey by bus is a common but often interesting experience. It offers a chance to see the world outside our homes and observe different kinds of people. I recently had a memorable journey by bus when I travelled from my village to the nearby town to visit my uncle.

Body (মূল অংশ)
I boarded the bus early in the morning. It was crowded, but I managed to get a window seat. As the bus started moving, I enjoyed watching the scenery outside. The green paddy fields, tall trees, and small villages seemed to be running backwards. The bus stopped at several places to pick up and drop off passengers. I saw people from all walks of life—farmers, students, and office-goers. The constant chatter of the passengers and the horn of the bus created a lively atmosphere.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, my journey by bus was a wonderful experience. It was not just a trip from one place to another, but a journey that allowed me to see the beautiful countryside and the diverse people of our land. It was a short but enjoyable journey that I will remember for a long time.

4. A Rainy Day

(এদিন বৰষুণৰ দিন)

Introduction (পাতনি)
A rainy day brings a welcome change from the heat and dust of summer. It is a day when the sky is overcast with dark clouds, and a cool breeze blows. The sound of raindrops falling on the roof creates a soothing music. A rainy day has a special charm and affects everyone’s mood differently.

Body (মূল অংশ)
On a rainy day, nature looks fresh, clean, and beautiful. The trees and plants get a fresh wash and look greener than ever. Children love to play in the rain, making paper boats and floating them in puddles. For farmers, rain is a blessing as it is essential for their crops. However, heavy rain can also cause problems like waterlogging and floods, disrupting normal life. People often enjoy staying indoors, sipping hot tea and eating snacks while watching the rain.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, a rainy day is a mixed blessing. While it brings relief from the heat and joy to many, it can also cause inconvenience. Overall, it is a beautiful gift of nature that rejuvenates the earth and brings a sense of peace and freshness to our minds.

5. Discipline in Student Life

(ছাত্ৰ জীৱনত অনুশাসন)

Introduction (পাতনি)
Discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment. It means following a set of rules and regulations and showing self-control. For a student, discipline is one of the most important virtues, as it lays the foundation for a successful and responsible life in the future.

Body (মূল অংশ)
Discipline is crucial in every aspect of a student’s life. A disciplined student wakes up on time, prepares for school, and does their homework regularly. This regularity helps them to understand their subjects better and achieve good marks. On the playground, discipline teaches them sportsmanship and respect for rules. Moreover, discipline helps a student to build a strong character, stay focused on their goals, and resist distractions. It is the key to making the best use of one’s time and energy.

Conclusion (সামৰণি)
In conclusion, discipline is the most important tool for a student. Student life is the best time to cultivate this habit. A student who is disciplined is not only successful in their academic career but also grows up to become a responsible and respected citizen of the country.